What is Spey Cast?
Spey Casting is a casting technique that allows you to propel your line, leader and fly(s) without sending the line up in the back. It's mainly used by migratory anglers, but ultimately it's a casting technique that allows you to seek out other species.
A variety of casts are used where the line must be anchored to the water to load the rod, the main advantage of which is that you can cast in less open areas. They can be "airborn anchor" (Snake roll and Single Spey), or "waterborn anchor" (double Spey, Snap T and Circle C). But in both cases, the line is placed on the water before the final shot.
These are powerful and very practical casts, but they require great technical skill. They can be practised with one-handed, Switch (two-handed rod up to 12 feet) and two-handed rods.
Traditional overhead casting is of course possible with the same equipment.

Trout and grayling fishing
Grayling and trout can be fished downstream, mainly on streamers and drowners with a variety of rigs. In most cases, and especially in tight situations, we'll use rolled and Spey casts to cast from the bank or in the water, depending on the size of the river.
Single-handed rods of varying lengths and power are used in small and medium-sized rivers, but also with "trout spey" rods, especially for long-distance fishing, to cast longer distances and better manage drifts.

Trout and grayling can be fished with "Trout Spey" tackle, which offers the advantage of casting far without tiring, while keeping the tackle "light"
It's important to find the right "combo" or set according to the width of the river, but also the type of fishing you're going to do.
The choice of line will be crucial in loading the rod you decide to use, depending on the configuration of the river, its width and the type of fishing.

Migratory fish fishing
Migratory fish such as salmon, sea trout and shad are mainly caught on downstream casts, and in most cases, anglers use rolling and spey casts, which allow casting without back release. This is the case in most French rivers. In some rivers, overhead casts may be used, but this is often rare.

In the attached table, you'll find different sets that can be adapted to different profiles, widths, types of fishing, but also by species.
Everyone will find advantages and disadvantages for each proposal, and it's by adapting your equipment to "your river" or your techniques that you'll get the right gear. These are just a few options, and of course there are other possibilities.

Fishing for other species such as asp
Other species can be fished with switch and Spey rods, such as asps, which require regular casting at a good distance. These "long" rods allow you to cast far with less fatigue and "beat the ground". This is often necessary to catch this highly mobile and capricious predator!
Asp are often fished with small streamers (7-8 cm) or surface flies that can be propelled with this type of equipment, whether in Spey or overhead casting.
On large rivers, these switch and spey rods offer undeniable fishing comfort.
In smaller rivers, one-handed rods are sufficient.